{"id":25523,"date":"2025-03-05T09:19:18","date_gmt":"2025-03-05T08:19:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=25523"},"modified":"2025-03-05T09:19:57","modified_gmt":"2025-03-05T08:19:57","slug":"sender-the-lomloe-and-a-republican-suicide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/en\/sender-the-lomloe-and-a-republican-suicide\/","title":{"rendered":"Sender, the LOMLOE, and a Republican Suicide"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Sender, the LOMLOE, and a Republican Suicide<\/h1>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25531\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25531\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-25531\" src=\"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"538\" srcset=\"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno.jpg 900w, https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno-768x459.jpg 768w, https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno-552x330.jpg 552w, https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/nocturno-270x161.jpg 270w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25531\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Editorial Amarillo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a style=\"display: inline-block;\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/deed.en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"license noopener noreferrer\">License Creative Commons <img decoding=\"async\" style=\"height: 22px!important; margin-left: 3px; vertical-align: text-bottom;\" src=\"https:\/\/mirrors.creativecommons.org\/presskit\/icons\/by.svg?ref=chooser-v1\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"height: 22px!important; margin-left: 3px; vertical-align: text-bottom;\" src=\"https:\/\/mirrors.creativecommons.org\/presskit\/icons\/nc.svg?ref=chooser-v1\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"height: 22px!important; margin-left: 3px; vertical-align: text-bottom;\" src=\"https:\/\/mirrors.creativecommons.org\/presskit\/icons\/nd.svg?ref=chooser-v1\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-12365\" src=\"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Andreu-cover-696x452-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"70\" height=\"70\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AndreuNavarra\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Andreu Navarra<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In 1969, two strikingly different novels by <strong>Ram\u00f3n J. Sender<\/strong> were published: on the one hand, <em>En la vida de Ignacio Morel<\/em>, a rather modest work \u2014 occasionally interesting \u2014 which earned him the Premio Planeta; and on the other, a masterpiece: <em><strong>Nocturno de los 14<\/strong><sup>1<\/sup><\/em>, an extraordinarily strange and visceral symphony, reissued last year by Amarillo publishing house with a foreword by Juan Marqu\u00e9s. The premise of this novel could not be more unsettling: a more or less autobiographical protagonist receives visits, in his lover&#8217;s house, from <strong>fourteen friends or acquaintances who have committed suicide<\/strong>. In a manner reminiscent of <em>Richard III<\/em>, these spectres appear before Pedro \u2014 the novel\u2019s central figure \u2014 compelling him to confront his life and fears.<\/p>\n<p>Some of these ghosts, such as <strong>Ernst Toller, Fabi\u00e1n Vidal, <\/strong>or<strong> Ernest Hemingway<\/strong>, are fairly well known. Others, like <strong>Helen Wilkinson<\/strong> \u2014 a British Minister of Culture whom Pedro presents as the frustrated love of his life \u2014 or a certain <strong>Ram\u00f3n I.P<\/strong>., are less familiar. Yet their lives (and their suicides), narrated in a surreal atmosphere populated by roaming bison and overlapping guilt, remain deeply compelling.<\/p>\n<p>The story of Ram\u00f3n I.P. is particularly striking. A member of the prestigious Centre for Historical Studies, this suicidal figure was already harbouring self-destructive intentions when he insisted on being sent to the front lines in November 1936. He made this request to Sender, who at the time was part of the Fifth Regiment&#8217;s headquarters (\u201cLista, corner of Serrano\u201d). Many years later, like Sender \u2014 or Pedro \u2014 Ram\u00f3n I.P. managed to become a university professor, first in California and then in Wisconsin. However, it seems that this former combatant failed to adapt: \u201cRam\u00f3n I.P. killed himself on a spring day when he realised that the freedoms in America were, for men like him, the freedoms of a bird within a cage. In France, a professor is a free spirit. Here, he is a bird with a bank account (<em>savings and checkings<\/em>) imprisoned in the cage of pedagogy. And furthermore, a bird without a song\u201d (p. 239).<\/p>\n<p>Spanish republican teachers also lack a song, much like the suicidal Ram\u00f3n I.P. We have been subjected to the bureaucratic banality imported from the United States \u2014 a country where competency-based reforms (far more established there, having emerged in the 1950s) long ago turned public schools into ghettos or non-places. This, it seems, is what pedagogists in Europe have sought <strong>to replicate over the past two decades, mirroring the worst aspects of the American giant<\/strong>. Even French teachers can no longer be free spirits, trapped as they are in the nightmare of competency networks designed to manufacture inequality and conceal budget cuts.<\/p>\n<p>If we remain sceptical, let us examine how strikingly relevant these words of Sender sound today. They could have been written yesterday, but they date back to 1968 \u2014 and they referred to the American, not the Spanish, reality: \u201cEn general, la cultura nos da libertad. En este pa\u00eds la cultura reduce esa libertad a las estrechas normas de un sentido positivo de la ciudadan\u00eda, es decir que la convierte en un instrumento de servidumbre. No porque exista una disciplina en ese sentido ni un plan preconcebido, sino porque la mente del profesor se form\u00f3 ya en esa clase de sometimiento y no ha salido ni saldr\u00e1 probablemente de \u00e9l\u201d (p. 240). (\u201cIn general, culture grants us freedom. In this country, culture reduces that freedom to the narrow rules of a positive sense of citizenship, turning it into an instrument of servitude. Not because there is a discipline in that sense or a preconceived plan, but because the professor&#8217;s mind was already shaped by that kind of subjugation and has neither escaped nor likely ever will\u201d). The American state needed genetically submissive teachers, ideologically conditioned, immunised against speculation and imagination \u2014 serial preachers, mass producers of righteous, right-thinking citizens. The country that adopted Sender needed to produce automatons, not educate, and to achieve this, it imposed a kind of educational neo-Taylorism \u2014 one we are now mimicking.<\/p>\n<p>This explains why \u201ccuando Ram\u00f3n I.P. se dio cuenta de eso empez\u00f3 a descorazonarse. No lo trataban como al esp\u00edritu libre y creador que era, sino como a un aut\u00f3mata que se pon\u00eda delante de la clase y repet\u00eda el evangelio laico que marca el calendario. Entonces se dio cuenta Ram\u00f3n I.P. de que respiraba bien, pero sin provecho alguno visible para nadie, ni siquiera para s\u00ed mismo. Peligroso descubrimiento\u201d (p\u00e1g. 241). (\u201cwhen Ram\u00f3n I.P. realised this, he began to lose heart. He was not treated as the free and creative spirit he was, but as an automaton standing before the class, repeating the secular gospel dictated by the calendar. Then Ram\u00f3n I.P. realised that, while he was breathing, it served no visible purpose for anyone \u2014 not even for himself. A dangerous discovery\u201d. In other words, Ram\u00f3n I.P. could no longer teach anything. Because <strong>only vocational bureaucrats \u2014 pedagogical robots armed with their mantras and nihilistic creed<\/strong> \u2014 could adapt to such a bureaucratised context.<\/p>\n<p>I recently completed a course on Occupational Hazards, mandatory for complying with the law at the start of any new job. In the section on psychosocial risks, it warned that a potential \u201clack of meaning\u201d in work activities is one of the leading causes of anxiety and depression. This is something our legislators and regulators fail to grasp: a bureaucratised education, reduced to the repetition of a \u201csecular gospel\u201d, fuels the depression not only of teachers but also of a large portion of students. We need \u201cmeaning\u201d, not \u201cfaith\u201d. Life lies elsewhere \u2014 in freedom and culture \u2014 precisely what poor R.I.P. lacked on that spring day when he decided to hang himself.<\/p>\n<p>___<\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup> Ram\u00f3n J. Sender&#8217;s novels <em>En la vida de Ignacio Morel<\/em> and <em>Nocturno de los 14<\/em> have not been translated into English. Therefore, the quotes provided here are free translations of the original texts.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Source:\u00a0<strong>educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Rights:\u00a0<strong>Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In 1969, two strikingly different novels by Ram\u00f3n J. Sender were published: on the one hand, En la vida de Ignacio Morel, a rather modest work \u2014 occasionally interesting \u2014 which earned him the Premio Planeta; and on the other, a masterpiece: Nocturno de los 141, an extraordinarily strange and visceral symphony, reissued last year by Amarillo publishing house with a foreword by Juan Marqu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":25531,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"1","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[276],"tags":[469,2647,2643,2644],"class_list":["post-25523","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion-en","tag-lomloe-en","tag-nocturno-de-los-14-en","tag-ramon-j-sender-en","tag-republican-suicide"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Sender, the LOMLOE, and a Republican Suicide - Educational Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In 1969, two strikingly different novels by Ram\u00f3n J. 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