{"id":30803,"date":"2025-12-03T08:51:36","date_gmt":"2025-12-03T07:51:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=30803"},"modified":"2025-12-03T08:51:48","modified_gmt":"2025-12-03T07:51:48","slug":"del-dia-de-la-marmota-a-langel-exterminador","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/del-dia-de-la-marmota-a-langel-exterminador\/","title":{"rendered":"Del \u00abdia de la marmota\u00bb a \u00abl\u2019\u00e0ngel exterminador\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

Continuem tenint els mateixos problemes educatius de sempre i cada cop m\u00e9s agreujats, per\u00f2 no es q\u00fcestiona el model ni anar-ne m\u00e9s enll\u00e0, nom\u00e9s com viure-hi, i tal vegada tamb\u00e9 viure\u2019n. \/ Gordon Johnson<\/a><\/span> –\u00a0Pixabay<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Llic\u00e8ncia Creative Commons<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Xavier Mass\u00f3<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

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Un bucle<\/strong> \u00e9s el recorregut per un trajecte que es repeteix indefinidament sense aparent soluci\u00f3 de continu\u00eftat, com en un r\u00ednxol de cabell de forma helico\u00efdal. Un etern retorn de la mateixa gamma de variacions i esdeveniments.<\/p>\n

Un exemple que va fer fortuna fins al punt de convertir-se en sin\u00e8cdoque col\u00b7loquial \u00e9s \u00abel dia de la marmota<\/strong>\u00bb, traducci\u00f3 de t\u00edtol original angl\u00e8s de la pel\u00b7l\u00edcula ‘Atrapat en el temps<\/em>‘ (Groundhog day<\/em>, Harold Ramis, 1993, amb uns espl\u00e8ndids Bill Murray<\/strong> i Andie MacDowell<\/strong> com a parella protagonista).<\/p>\n

Un periodista que arriba a un poble nord-americ\u00e0 per a cobrir la festa del dia de la marmota es troba que cada mat\u00ed, en despertar a l’habitaci\u00f3 de l’hotel, \u00e9s la mateixa data que el dia anterior, \u00e9s a dir, el de la marmota. Conscient de la seva situaci\u00f3, decideix actuar de manera diferent davant les mateixes circumst\u00e0ncies que repetidament se li presenten al llarg de la jornada fins que, b\u00e9, al final pren les decisions \u00abcorrectes\u00bb i el calendari comen\u00e7a a c\u00f3rrer de nou. El dia era sempre el mateix, per\u00f2 no el que hi succe\u00efa perqu\u00e8, en reaccionar de manera diferent, endegava una nova successi\u00f3 d’esdeveniments<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tanmateix, el que aqu\u00ed ens concerneix \u00e9s un tipus de bucle diferent i molt m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent a la vida real que el d’una met\u00e0fora ordida a partir d’un model de ci\u00e8ncia ficci\u00f3. El cas invers: el temps continua corrent, per\u00f2 el que es repeteix c\u00edclicament s\u00f3n les mateixes situacions amb els mateixos problemes, i la nostra incapacitat d’identificar-los i reaccionar de manera diferent. Si l’anterior era un bucle temporal, aquest ser\u00e0 conceptual. Ara no es tracta de l\u2019aturament del calendari per una anomalia a l’espai-temps. No. El temps segueix fluint com les aig\u00fces del riu d’Her\u00e0clit, per\u00f2 nosaltres no; seguim una vegada i una altra estavellant-nos contra el mateix farall\u00f3, sempre per davant del nostre recorregut. Sense soluci\u00f3 de continu\u00eftat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Com a L’\u00c0ngel exterminador<\/em><\/strong> (1962)<\/strong>, al meu parer una de les millors pel\u00b7l\u00edcules de tots els temps, amb el gran Luis Bu\u00f1uel<\/strong> presentant-nos una situaci\u00f3 de bloqueig mental que ens incapacita per sortir de la ficci\u00f3 que nosaltres mateixos hem creat. Una genial met\u00e0fora que ens recorda el conegut principi sociol\u00f2gic de Thomas: “si la gent defineix una situaci\u00f3 com a real, aquesta s\u2019esdev\u00e9 real en les seves conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies”.<\/p>\n

Un grup de persones de l’alta societat s\u00f3n convidades a un sopar d’etiqueta a una sumptuosa mansi\u00f3 despr\u00e9s d’assistir a l’\u00f2pera. Despr\u00e9s de l’\u00e0pat \u2013ja amb estranys incidents i una atmosfera cada cop m\u00e9s enrarida-, la pertinent sobretaula i un breu concert de piano, ja s\u00f3n altes hores de la nit per\u00f2 ning\u00fa fa el m\u00e9s m\u00ednim gest d\u2019anar-se\u2019n. Amb gran sorpresa dels amfitrions, la gent comen\u00e7a a acomodar-se als sof\u00e0s i butaques disposant-se a passar-hi la nit\u2026 Alguns estan perplexos, per\u00f2 ning\u00fa no se’n va\u2026<\/p>\n

Tot guardant aparentment les formes, el majordom entra al mat\u00ed al sal\u00f3 per servir l’esmorzar, per\u00f2 quan es disposa a sortir queda paralitzat davant del llindar de l’entrada, incapa\u00e7 de travessar-lo. Els concurrents li retreuen la seva actitud, per\u00f2 ning\u00fa no gosa tampoc creuar-lo i tothom d\u00f3na per fet que, malgrat que res sembli impedir-ho, el llindar no es pot creuar. I all\u00ed es queden i comencen a disposar les mesures necess\u00e0ries per a una llarga estada a la sala, que cada cop es va semblant m\u00e9s a un corral. La seva \u00fanica preocupaci\u00f3 \u00e9s assumir la seva estranya situaci\u00f3 sense preguntar-se\u2019n el perqu\u00e8, inquiets nom\u00e9s per com sobreviure-hi i que, en tot cas, vinguin de l’exterior a rescatar-los. No saben que els de fora tampoc s’atreveixen a entrar-hi.<\/p>\n

Amb la degradaci\u00f3 de la realitat<\/strong> comencen a succeir un gran nombre d’incidents: disputes, furts, hist\u00e8ries, coqueteigs, intents d\u2019agressi\u00f3 sexual\u2026 Una jove parella se su\u00efcida, un home mor d’angoixa i una malalta sense la seva medicaci\u00f3 traspassa all\u00ed mateix. Els que tracten de mantenir-se raonables no van m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de comminar els altres a no trencar les regles d’urbanitat i a treballar conjuntament per tal de poder sobreviure all\u00ed; ni tan sols se’ls passa pel cap suggerir que no hi ha impediment f\u00edsic ni cap perill a la vista que els retingui all\u00e0. Hi ha un estrany consens<\/strong> que no es pot creuar el llindar, per\u00f2 ning\u00fa no es pregunta per qu\u00e8.<\/p>\n

Al final, alg\u00fa recorda que la nit de la primera vetllada, en concloure el concert de piano, un dels convidats va requerir la pianista que interpret\u00e9s una pe\u00e7a m\u00e9s i que aquesta va declinar adduint que ja era tard i estava cansada, per\u00f2 va accedir-hi al final davant la un\u00e0nime insist\u00e8ncia dels altres. Aleshores \u00abdescobreixen\u00bb el seu \u00aberror\u00bb: en insistir-hi havien faltat a les normes de l’etiqueta i aix\u00f2 va produir alguna alteraci\u00f3 de l\u2019ordre c\u00f2smic que els va infondre aquell p\u00e0nic cerval a sortir del sal\u00f3. Decideixen llavors conjurar-la reproduint la situaci\u00f3 que la va causar, com si es tract\u00e9s de m\u00e0gia homeop\u00e0tica<\/strong>. Tots se situen exactament al mateix lloc on eren durant el concert i la pianista toca la mateixa pe\u00e7a que aquella nit. Quan conclou, tots aplaudeixen com havien aplaudit i el mateix que havia demanat un bis el demana de nou; la pianista respon com ho havia fet: estava cansada, era tard i hora de retirar-se. I tots assenteixen i decideixen anar-se’n. Es dirigeixen cap al llindar i el traspassen com si res.<\/p>\n

Conven\u00e7uts que ha estat un miracle, organitzen un ted\u00e8um d’acci\u00f3 de gr\u00e0cies. Acabada la missa, el sacerdot i l’escolanet s\u2019adonen que ning\u00fa se’n va; ells tampoc\u2026 La pel\u00b7l\u00edcula conclou amb un ramat d’ovelles que des de l’exterior introdueixen a l’esgl\u00e9sia perqu\u00e8 puguin alimentar-se…<\/p>\n

El protagonista del dia de la marmota va entendre el que li estava passant amb la realitat an\u00f2mala en qu\u00e8 estava ficat, i va anar anat canviant les seves respostes a les mateixes situacions que cada nou per\u00f2 id\u00e8ntic dia se li anaven presentant successivament. Assaig-error a la desesperada, s\u00ed, per\u00f2 no n’hi havia cap altra alternativa, per m\u00e9s incerta que fos, si volia escapolir-se del bucle en qu\u00e8 estava atrapat. Tot i que no podia entendre aquella realitat, la va saber llegir i actuar en conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n

No va ser aquest el cas dels personatges de l’\u00c0ngel exterminador, ficats en una versi\u00f3 extrema del suara esmentat teorema de Thomas. Havien pres per real una situaci\u00f3 que ells mateixos van fer vertadera en les seves conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies. Van decidir que no es podia sortir i no van sortir. En no entendre la ficci\u00f3 del seu propi constructe, van tornar a caure-hi a les primeres de canvi. No havien apr\u00e8s la lli\u00e7\u00f3 i seguien atrapats per la seva pr\u00f2pia ficci\u00f3. La situaci\u00f3 que Bu\u00f1uel ens descriu \u00e9s an\u00e0loga a la que tenim actualment a l’educaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Continuem tenint els mateixos problemes educatius de sempre i cada cop m\u00e9s agreujats, per\u00f2 no es q\u00fcestiona el model ni anar-ne m\u00e9s enll\u00e0, nom\u00e9s com viure-hi, i tal vegada tamb\u00e9 viure\u2019n. El model educatiu vigent s\u2019esdev\u00e9 l\u2019\u00fanic h\u00e0bitat possible<\/strong>. Un model fallit que va sorgir d\u2019una imaginada realitat fict\u00edcia que s’ha fet vertadera en les seves conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies i amb totes les seves disfuncions reals. Mentre no es plantegi sortir-se\u2019n, seguirem bloquejats, mentalment atrapats pel bucle que hem creat. N’hi hauria prou de creuar el llindar de sortida, per\u00f2 potser alguns temen tant el que trobarien fora, a la realitat de deb\u00f2, que per aix\u00f2 prefereixen seguir resguardats al seu confortable corralet.<\/p>\n

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Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un bucle \u00e9s el recorregut per un trajecte que es repeteix indefinidament sense aparent soluci\u00f3 de continu\u00eftat, com en un r\u00ednxol de cabell de forma helico\u00efdal. Un etern retorn de la mateixa gamma de variacions i esdeveniments. Continuem tenint els mateixos problemes educatius de sempre i cada cop m\u00e9s agreujats, per\u00f2 no es q\u00fcestiona el model ni anar-ne m\u00e9s enll\u00e0, nom\u00e9s com viure-hi, i tal vegada tamb\u00e9 viure\u2019n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":30797,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[240],"tags":[3515,3516,3514],"class_list":["post-30803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinio","tag-bucle-educatiu","tag-dia-de-la-marmota","tag-langel-exterminador"],"yoast_head":"\nDel \u00abdia de la marmota\u00bb a \u00abl\u2019\u00e0ngel exterminador\u00bb - Educational Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un bucle \u00e9s el recorregut per un trajecte que es repeteix indefinidament sense aparent soluci\u00f3 de continu\u00eftat, com en un r\u00ednxol de cabell de forma helico\u00efdal. 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