{"id":26314,"date":"2025-03-31T09:14:59","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T07:14:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=26314"},"modified":"2025-03-31T09:15:13","modified_gmt":"2025-03-31T07:15:13","slug":"mobbing-bullying-i-baiting-labus-reactiu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/mobbing-bullying-i-baiting-labus-reactiu\/","title":{"rendered":"Mobbing, bullying i baiting: l’ab\u00fas reactiu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mobbing<\/em>, bullying<\/em> i baiting<\/em>: l’ab\u00fas reactiu<\/h1>\n

Cal con\u00e8ixer millor els mecanismes de l’ab\u00fas reactiu per a salvaguardar la dignitat de tantes v\u00edctimes silenciades<\/p>\n

\"\"
Anja. \/ Pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Llic\u00e8ncia Creative Commons<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Josep Oton<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lamentablement, l’assetjament laboral (mobbing<\/em><\/strong>) i l’escolar (bullying<\/em><\/strong>) s\u00f3n prou coneguts, encara que, de moment, no trobem la manera d’erradicar-los. Tal vegada un cam\u00ed per combatre’ls sigui identificar algunes de les estrat\u00e8gies utilitzades per aix\u00ed ser capa\u00e7os de neutralitzar-les.<\/p>\n

Un exemple seria el abuso reactiu, una modalitat de maltractament psicol\u00f2gic que pot introduir-se subtilment entre bromes i converses intranscendents. En aquest context banalitzat, a vegades, es normalitzen comportaments que, en nom de la confian\u00e7a, de l’amistat o, fins i tot, de l’amor , busquen de fet humiliar l’interlocutor de torn. Sovint, l\u2019agressor aprofita un ambient divertit i ocurrent per a camuflar insults i vexacions. Sota l’aparen\u00e7a de col\u00b7leguisme s’amaga una personalitat narcisista i manipuladora. I, en aquest ambient, la v\u00edctima es veu obligada a acceptar com a bo alguna cosa que \u00e9s sens dubte ofensiu. En altres casos, la coerci\u00f3 deixa d’amagar-se darrera de la disfressa de la simpatia i fa ostentaci\u00f3 de la seva crueltat.<\/p>\n

L’ab\u00fas reactiu<\/strong> \u00e9s una forma d’assetjament. Es fustiga la v\u00edctima fins a treure-la de polleguera. L’objectiu d’aquest ab\u00fas emocional \u00e9s emp\u00e8nyer l’agredit fins que s\u2019abraoni i reaccioni amb ira, s’enfadi o, fins i tot, arribi a l’atac verbal o f\u00edsic, quan, en realitat, tan sols intenta defensar-se.<\/p>\n

El prop\u00f2sit \u00e9s clar, encara que no sempre sembli intencionat. Es pret\u00e9n culpabilitzar a la v\u00edctima per tal d\u2019exonerar l’agressor. L’agredit se sent desconcertat per la seva reacci\u00f3 instintiva. I l’entorn hi ajuda en interpretar la seva conducta com a pr\u00f2pia d’una persona impulsiva, violenta o poc equilibrada emocionalment. En angl\u00e8s l’ab\u00fas reactiu es denomina baiting<\/em>, que prov\u00e9 de la paraula bait<\/em> (ham o esquer), aix\u00ed que es podria traduir com \u201cposar un esquer\u201d.<\/p>\n

La persona que ho practica burxa la seva v\u00edctima per a exasperar-la. L’agressor arremet amb insist\u00e8ncia contra els seus punts febles, tot cercant una resposta incontrolada quan la v\u00edctima es veu espitjada fins al l\u00edmit. Activa els engranatges de l’inconscient per descol\u00b7locar-lo. Llavors es manifesten patrons de conducta propis de l’agressor. La v\u00edctima se\u2019n surt de mare, crida, insulta o coses encara pitjors. S’han canviat les tornes.<\/p>\n

L’assetjador reescriu el relat dels fets, segresta la narrativa, i es presenta com a innocent enfront d’una reacci\u00f3 que ha provocat molestant sistem\u00e0ticament a la seva v\u00edctima. La persona manipuladora tracta de fer sentir culpable a l’agredit per a diluir aix\u00ed la pr\u00f2pia responsabilitat. La seva posici\u00f3 queda aparentment justificada, perqu\u00e8 es presenta a si mateix com a v\u00edctima de la v\u00edctima<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

La reacci\u00f3 de l’agredit es converteix en una arma en mans del seu agressor que el pot enfurismar encara m\u00e9s vanant-se de tenir la paella pel m\u00e0nec. Li pot dir amb veu tranquil\u00b7la, tot fingint serenitat: \u201cmira com et poses, no t\u2019he fet res\u201d, \u201cno saps controlar-te\u201d, \u201chas d’anar a un especialista\u201d. Llavors, l’ab\u00fas reactiu coincideix amb el gaslight<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

La veritable efic\u00e0cia de l’ab\u00fas rau en la seva capacitat per a paralitzar a la v\u00edctima i que no s’atreveixi a denunciar els fets o a demanar ajuda. Suportar el que \u00e9s intolerable no sembla la millor opci\u00f3 davant tanta injust\u00edcia. Per\u00f2 la reacci\u00f3 instintiva sol ser contraproduent at\u00e8s que aconsegueix l’efecte contrari a l’esperat. Amb facilitat las v\u00edctimes acaben creient-se que, de fet, s\u00f3n les culpables. Amb freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, cauen en el parany i no sempre saben gestionar adequadament el conflicte. Es poden sentir frustrades, incompreses i a\u00efllades.<\/p>\n

Aquestes situacions es donen en l\u2019entorn familiar, laboral o en els clubs esportius<\/strong>. L’escola tampoc es aliena als perills derivats de l’ab\u00fas i de la manipulaci\u00f3 emocional. Existeixen professors autoritaris, encara que, \u00e9s veritat, que n\u2019hi havia m\u00e9s fa unes d\u00e8cades que no pas ara. Aix\u00ed i tot, las denuncies de casos d’abusos per part dels docents encara persisteixen. I, en l’\u00e0mbit escolar<\/strong>, els milhomes de torn que maltracten els seus companys no han desaparegut malgrat els mecanismes de mediaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

No obstant aix\u00f2, l’assetjament reactiu tamb\u00e9 ens permet posar el focus en altres incidents educatius. Seria el cas de la v\u00edctima de bullying<\/em> que acaba sent sancionada, o fins i tot expulsada del centre, per haver-se defensat. O del docent sotm\u00e8s a tota mena d\u2019escarnis per part de l’alumnat, acaba perdent els estreps i \u00e9s amonestat o expedientat. O aquest mateix docent quan \u00e9s pressionat per la direcci\u00f3 corresponent tot fent trontollar la seva autoestima i dubtar de la seva capacitat per a ensenyar.<\/p>\n

I, si se’m permet anar una mica m\u00e9s lluny, \u00bfno seria pas el que succeeix amb els professors<\/strong> que, amb anys d’estudi i hores d’experi\u00e8ncia acumulada a l’aula, se\u2019ls insisteix fins a l’avorriment que els manca formaci\u00f3, quan el que es pret\u00e9n \u00e9s que aguantin estoicament all\u00f2 que \u00e9s inaguantable<\/strong>?<\/p>\n

Se’ls acusa de dictar uns apunts mecanografiats en fulls groguencs, de fer aprendre de mem\u00f2ria el llistat dels reis gots, d’impartir coneixements obsolets\u2026 i, quan es rebel\u00b7len davant tals bajanades, se’ls titlla de retr\u00f2grads, elitistes i nost\u00e0lgics d’\u00e8poques passades de moda.<\/p>\n

Cal con\u00e8ixer millor els mecanismes de l’ab\u00fas reactiu per a salvaguardar la dignitat de tantes v\u00edctimes silenciades i desemmascarar les estrat\u00e8gies manipuladores en mans d\u2019aut\u00e8ntics experts en l’art del maltractament<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\n

Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lamentablement, l’assetjament laboral (mobbing) i l’escolar (bullying) s\u00f3n prou coneguts, encara que, de moment, no trobem la manera d’erradicar-los. Tal vegada un cam\u00ed per combatre’ls sigui identificar algunes de les estrat\u00e8gies utilitzades per aix\u00ed ser capa\u00e7os de neutralitzar-les.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":26309,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"1","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[240],"tags":[2786,2785,2784,2789,2787,2788,2783],"class_list":["post-26314","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinio","tag-abus-reactiu","tag-assetjament-escolar","tag-assetjament-laboral","tag-baiting-ca","tag-bullying-ca","tag-gaslight-ca","tag-mobbing"],"yoast_head":"\nMobbing, bullying i baiting: l'ab\u00fas reactiu - Educational Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lamentablement, l'assetjament laboral (mobbing) i l'escolar (bullying) s\u00f3n prou coneguts, encara que, de moment, no trobem la manera d'erradicar-los. 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