{"id":21093,"date":"2024-10-24T09:00:01","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T07:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=21093"},"modified":"2024-10-25T09:49:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T07:49:13","slug":"tycho-brahe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/tycho-brahe\/","title":{"rendered":"Tycho Brahe"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

VA SUCCEIR\u2026<\/span><\/h3>\n

El 24 d’octubre del 1601<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tycho Brahe\u00a0moria a Praga<\/h1>\n
\"\"
Tycho Brahe. \/ Wikimedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Xavier Mass\u00f3<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2026 El 24 d’octubre del 1601 moria a Praga<\/strong> (regne de Boh\u00e8mia, actual Tx\u00e8quia) Tycho Brahe<\/a>,<\/strong> un dels astr\u00f2noms m\u00e9s eminents de l’Edat Moderna. Tot i que el seu model astron\u00f2mic vas postular el geocentrisme davant de l’heliocentrisme de Cop\u00e8rnic, l’extraordin\u00e0ria precisi\u00f3 dels mesuraments obtinguts per les seves perseverants observacions astron\u00f2miques va facilitar l\u2019elaboraci\u00f3 de la teoria de les orbites planet\u00e0ries del seu deixeble, Kepler, i a la fi, a la confirmaci\u00f3 de l’heliocentrisme enfront del geocentrisme<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Tenim tan assumit avui dia que la Terra orbita al voltant del Sol, i no al rev\u00e9s, que acostumem a oblidar que, intu\u00eftivament, tot indicaria en principi que no \u00e9s aix\u00ed. Fins i tot en el llenguatge quotidi\u00e0 en qualsevol llengua, seguim parlant de la sortida i de la posta del Sol, com si fos aquest el que es mogu\u00e9s al nostre voltant i nosaltres romangu\u00e9ssim quiets, imm\u00f2bils.<\/p>\n

Tamb\u00e9, des de la indubtable posici\u00f3 d’avantatge que ens d\u00f3na viure en el present, acostumem a projectar les nostres categories en el passat, oblidant, per exemple, que amb les dades de qu\u00e8 es disposava al segle V aC, el m\u00e9s raonable era postular que la Terra romania imm\u00f2bil i que el Sol orbitava al seu voltant. Hi va haver, certament, defensors de l’heliocentrisme \u2013com alguns pitag\u00f2rics-, per\u00f2 era en tot cas una hip\u00f2tesi, no nom\u00e9s indemostrable, sin\u00f3 que les \u00abdemostracions\u00bb astron\u00f2miques avalaven totes el geocentrisme. En realitat, per posar un exemple, els eclipsis eren igualment predictibles. L’\u00fanic problema era el moviment \u00abirregular\u00bb dels planetes, per\u00f2 per explicar-los es van establir les hip\u00f2tesis ad hoc oportunes, com els \u00abepicicles\u00bb, que s\u00f3n els que van acabar creant problemes.<\/p>\n

La revoluci\u00f3 que va dur a terme Cop\u00e8rnic en postular que la Terra es mou i orbita al voltant del Sol va ser molt m\u00e9s que una simple tesi fonamentada en \u00abdades\u00bb; fou un canvi de perspectiva<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

La revoluci\u00f3 que va dur a terme Cop\u00e8rnic en postular que la Terra es mou i orbita al voltant del Sol va ser molt m\u00e9s que una simple tesi fonamentada en \u00abdades\u00bb; fou un canvi de perspectiva, una nova cosmovisi\u00f3 que comportava un inherent canvi de mentalitat. Per aix\u00f2 va ser precisament una revoluci\u00f3. Tampoc, en realitat, la cosa havia quedat tan clara amb Cop\u00e8rnic, i molts astr\u00f2noms eminents la van rebatre amb dades igualment emp\u00edriques. Tycho Brahe en va ser un.<\/p>\n

Tycho Brahe havia nascut a Knudstrup -Esc\u00e0nia, pertanyent aleshores a Dinamarca, avui a Su\u00e8cia- el 14 de desembre de 1546. Era de fam\u00edlia aristocr\u00e0tica i va estudiar Filosofia a la Universitat de Copenhaguen. Durant la seva \u00e8poca d’estudiant, era bastant usual que els estudiants es batessin en duel; en un d\u2019ells Brahe hi va perdre el nas, que va cobrir amb una pr\u00f2tesi d’or i plata que simulava un nas met\u00e0l\u00b7lic. Es va dedicar des de molt aviat a l’astronomia, i va aconseguir que el rei dan\u00e8s Frederic II li financ\u00e9s la construcci\u00f3 d’un observatori per als seus estudis, primer a l’illa de Vhen i despr\u00e9s al castell d’Uraniborg. Fins on consta, \u00e9s el primer hum\u00e0 que va observar directament una supernova, el 1572.<\/p>\n

A la mort de Frederic II, les seves males relacions amb el nou rei, Christian IV, van emp\u00e8nyer Brahe a acceptar la invitaci\u00f3 de l’emperador Rodolfo II d’Habsburg, i es va traslladar, primer a Rostok, i finalment a Praga. Aquests darrers anys va comptar amb la col\u00b7laboraci\u00f3 d’un jove Johannes Kepler, futur eminent astr\u00f2nom.<\/p>\n

En el cas de Brahe, els c\u00e0lculs astron\u00f2mics resultants de les observacions van ser molt m\u00e9s precisos que els de Cop\u00e8rnic, per\u00f2 es va negar a admetre l’heliocentrisme com a \u00abreal\u00bb<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Les tesis hel\u00b7lioc\u00e8ntriques de Cop\u00e8rnic havien causat un cert enrenou en els cercles astron\u00f2mics de l’\u00e8poca, tot i que no tant en un primer moment. B\u00e0sicament perqu\u00e8 es van prendre com una hip\u00f2tesi m\u00e9s o menys enginyosa que resolia certs problemes, per\u00f2 no com una descripci\u00f3 \u00abreal\u00bb de l’estructura del cosmos. Nom\u00e9s quan es va veure el seu aut\u00e8ntic abast va comen\u00e7ar a inquietar els te\u00f2legs i cosm\u00f2legs. En moltes universitats, per exemple, es va seguir durant molt de temps explicant el geocentrisme tolemaic, i nom\u00e9s als estudiants m\u00e9s avan\u00e7ats se’ls introdu\u00efa en els \u00absecrets\u00bb de l’heliocentrisme copernic\u00e0.<\/p>\n

En el cas de Brahe, els c\u00e0lculs astron\u00f2mics resultants de les observacions van ser molt m\u00e9s precisos que els de Cop\u00e8rnic, per\u00f2 es va negar a admetre l’heliocentrisme com a \u00abreal\u00bb. En canvi, va readaptar el geocentrisme proposant un sistema amb la Terra com a centre imm\u00f2bil de l’univers, al voltant de la qual orbitaven el Sol i la Lluna, per\u00f2 els planetes \u2013els cinc coneguts aleshores: Mercuri, Venus, Mart, J\u00fapiter i Saturn-, ja no ho feien al voltant de la Terra, sin\u00f3 del Sol\u2026 Galileu, unes quantes d\u00e8cades despr\u00e9s, incorporant els mesuraments de Brahe als seus, en va tenir prou per a situar tamb\u00e9 la Terra a orbitar al voltant del Sol, i posar-lo al centre per recuperar, sensiblement millorat, el model de Cop\u00e8rnic.<\/p>\n

Com a curiositat, l’aut\u00f2psia realitzada a les restes de Tycho Brahe el 1999, va establir com a causa de la seva mort enverinament per mercuri, cosa que va desencadenar tota mena d’especulacions. La m\u00e9s versemblant \u00e9s que, dedicat tamb\u00e9 a l’alqu\u00edmia i a la medicina, elabor\u00e9s els seus propis medicaments amb mercuri per tractar-se contra la ur\u00e8mia que patia.<\/p>\n

\n

Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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Tot i que el seu model astron\u00f2mic vas postular el geocentrisme davant de l’heliocentrisme de Cop\u00e8rnic, l’extraordin\u00e0ria precisi\u00f3 dels mesuraments obtinguts per les seves perseverants observacions astron\u00f2miques va facilitar l\u2019elaboraci\u00f3 de la teoria de les orbites planet\u00e0ries del seu deixeble, Kepler, i a la fi, a la confirmaci\u00f3 de l’heliocentrisme enfront del geocentrisme.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":21102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"1","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[219,1650],"tags":[1992,1991,1993],"class_list":["post-21093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-ca","category-va-succeir","tag-geocentrisme","tag-heliocentrisme","tag-tycho-brahe-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nTycho Brahe - Educational Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u2026 El 24 d'octubre del 1601 moria a Praga (regne de Boh\u00e8mia, actual Tx\u00e8quia) Tycho Brahe, un dels astr\u00f2noms m\u00e9s eminents de l'Edat Moderna. 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