{"id":16829,"date":"2024-05-21T11:00:52","date_gmt":"2024-05-21T09:00:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=16829"},"modified":"2024-05-22T10:50:11","modified_gmt":"2024-05-22T08:50:11","slug":"el-panoptic-a-la-butxaca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/el-panoptic-a-la-butxaca\/","title":{"rendered":"El pan\u00f2ptic a la butxaca"},"content":{"rendered":"

El pan\u00f2ptic a la butxaca<\/h1>\n

\u00c9s un algorisme que mai descansa, que funciona sempre. Que capta les teves dades. La teva vida<\/p>\n

\"\"
Planta, al\u00e7at i secci\u00f3 del Pan\u00f2ptic de Jeremy Bentham, dibuixat per Willey Reveley el 1791.\/ Wikimedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Llic\u00e8ncia Creative Commons<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Antoni Hern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Com a barcelon\u00ed, La Model<\/strong>\u00a0sempre ha estat tot un s\u00edmbol per a mi. De nen m’inspirava un respecte inusual, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 del que significa una pres\u00f3<\/strong>. En cr\u00e9ixer vaig comprendre que era en realitat una por heretada, confiscada d’una fam\u00edlia que va lluitar al b\u00e0ndol derrotat a la Guerra Civil, i un espant despr\u00e9s fundat en fets horribles com l’execuci\u00f3 de Salvador Puig Antich<\/strong>, que va tenir lloc all\u00e0 el 1974. El 2 de mar\u00e7 va fer 50 anys. Del lema inicial del centre penitenciari, de principis de segle XX, In severitate humanitas<\/em>, en qu\u00e8 s’advocava per una Model de vocaci\u00f3 correccional, rehabilitadora i de reinserci\u00f3, es va passar a una Model al servei del franquisme. Per\u00f2, deixem-nos de ximpleries, les presons reclouen els que no compleixen les lleis vigents. I si el que formula les lleis \u00e9s un dictador, o un Estat opressor o discriminador, les presons s’omplen de persones que en altres contextos socials serien ciutadans exemplars i lliures.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Cel\u00b7la de Salvador Puig Antich a la Pres\u00f3 Model de Barcelona\/ Autor: Canaan<\/a><\/span> -Wikimedia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La Model \u00e9s un edifici que materialitza la idea de \u201cEl pan\u00f2ptic\u201d de Jeremy Bentham<\/strong> (1787). Bentham va concebre la pres\u00f3 com un instrument de control social basat en la incertesa de la vigil\u00e0ncia, de manera que des d’un punt geom\u00e8tric ideal, l’anomenat pan\u00f2ptic<\/strong><\/a>, som cont\u00ednuament observats sense veure l’observador. El recl\u00fas arriba a assumir amb el temps que es troba sempre sota vigil\u00e0ncia, el que \u00e9s el fonament de la seva subordinaci\u00f3, del control i modificaci\u00f3 de la conducta, com b\u00e9 va revisar Foucault<\/strong> a \u201cVigilar i Castigar\u201d(1975), i van adaptar als temps del tel\u00e8fon m\u00f2bil Tim Maly<\/strong> i Emily Horne<\/strong> (2014), m\u00e9s recentment.<\/p>\n

Doncs b\u00e9, el model de Bentham es va estendre tamb\u00e9 a f\u00e0briques i escoles<\/strong>, i ara el pan\u00f2ptic, com hauran dedu\u00eft, el porten a la butxaca. Miniaturitzat i \u2018coquet\u00f3\u2019. I el vigilant no \u00e9s un funcionari de presons hum\u00e0 apostat en una torre, que es relleva per torns, o una c\u00e0mera que potser \u00e9s una caixa buida, dissuas\u00f2ria: \u00e9s un algorisme que mai descansa, que funciona sempre. Que capta les teves dades. La teva vida.<\/p>\n

Per\u00f2 qu\u00e8 hi ha de l’educaci\u00f3, el talent i els valors a l’era digital, a l’era del pan\u00f2ptic a la butxaca? Sobre el talent ens diu el fil\u00f2sof Jos\u00e9 Antonio Marina<\/strong>, que \u201c\u00e9s el bon \u00fas de la intel\u00b7lig\u00e8ncia, \u00e9s saber qu\u00e8 fer amb les nostres destreses i amb les nostres limitacions\u201d (Marina, 2022). Ensenyem i eduquem per al talent?<\/p>\n

L’escola hauria de donar compte del proc\u00e9s de generaci\u00f3 d’idees als joves i formar-los suficientment amb coneixements s\u00f2lids<\/strong> que els permetin fomentar, executar i formular aquestes idees. Posteriorment, ells mateixos haurien de poder avaluar-ne els resultats, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de les meres qualificacions acad\u00e8miques. Perqu\u00e8 avaluar tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s valorar, posar en valor. Els valors reflecteixen el sentit del b\u00e9 i del mal, no nom\u00e9s en aspectes \u00e8tics o morals, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 en l’avaluaci\u00f3 del treball que fem: s\u00f3n els valors acad\u00e8mics<\/strong>, llavor dels valors professionals futurs, crucials especialment en la formaci\u00f3 professional.<\/p>\n

L’evoluci\u00f3 i la maduresa a l’aprenentatge parteixen del criteri que ensenyem als nostres alumnes perqu\u00e8 puguin valorar la feina que han fet. Tamb\u00e9 l’autoexig\u00e8ncia i la percepci\u00f3 de l’autoefic\u00e0cia. L’honestedat est\u00e0 relacionada amb recon\u00e8ixer davant d’un mateix i davant del docent all\u00f2 que se sap i all\u00f2 que no. Es fomenta l’honestedat o la por de recon\u00e8ixer la ignor\u00e0ncia? A amagar o a negar la realitat? El docent observador ha d’anticipar-se o delegar i confiar en la tecnologia, en l’emergent learning analytics<\/em> capa\u00e7 de predir, des del pan\u00f2ptic de butxaca, si l’alumne aprendr\u00e0 o no?<\/p>\n

Coneixements, generaci\u00f3 d’idees, execuci\u00f3 i avaluaci\u00f3 s\u00f3n clau per al desenvolupament del talent i els valors en l’educaci\u00f3. I al segle XXI, aquestes fases, a totes les \u00e0rees de coneixement, es troben imbricades per la tecnologia.<\/p>\n

Presos del pan\u00f2ptic, capturada l’atenci\u00f3 per la distracci\u00f3, mirem la torre del vigilant, la caixa buida de la cambra, mentre es desenfoca l’objecte d’estudi i la vida.<\/p>\n

___<\/p>\n

* El text original, lleument actualitzat per indicar la commemoraci\u00f3 de l’assassinat de Puig Antich, va formar part de la presentaci\u00f3 p\u00fablica que es va fer a l’antiga pres\u00f3 La Model de Barcelona, \u200b\u200ba la Biennal de Pensament del 2022.<\/em><\/p>\n

\n
Refer\u00e8ncies:<\/strong><\/h6>\n

\u2022 \u00c1vila, R.; Hern\u00e1ndez-Fern\u00e1ndez, A. (2022). C\u00f3mo educar en talento y valores en la era digital. Barcelona: Biennal de Pensament, 2022. https:\/\/www.biennaldepensament.barcelona\/es\/actividades\/como-educar-en-talento-y-valores-en-la-era-digital<\/a><\/p>\n

\u2022 Bentham, J. (1787). El pan\u00f2ptic. <\/em>Barcelona: Edicions 62. Traducci\u00f3 al catal\u00e0 i edici\u00f3 de 1985.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Foucault, M. (1975). Vigilar y castigar.<\/em> Madrid: Siglo XXI Editores. Edici\u00f3n y traducci\u00f3n de 1986.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Maly, T., & Horne, E. (2014). The Inspection House: An Impertinent Field Guide to Modern Surveillance. <\/em>Toronto: Coach House Books.<\/p>\n

\u2022 Marina, J.A. (2022). La educaci\u00f3n del talento<\/em>. Barcelona: Ariel.<\/p>\n

\n

Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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