{"id":16688,"date":"2024-05-20T12:12:31","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=16688"},"modified":"2024-05-20T12:13:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:13:32","slug":"la-izquierda-no-es-woke-lesquerra-no-es-woke","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/la-izquierda-no-es-woke-lesquerra-no-es-woke\/","title":{"rendered":"La izquierda no es woke (L’esquerra no \u00e9s woke)"},"content":{"rendered":"

La izquierda no es woke (L’esquerra no \u00e9s woke)<\/h1>\n

Aquest llibre \u00e9s de lectura obligada per a tot aquell que se senti d’esquerres, sincerament d’esquerres<\/p>\n

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Editorial Debate<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Llic\u00e8ncia Creative Commons<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Andreu Navarra<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Susan Neiman: Refrescar l’esquerra<\/h1>\n

Hi ha llibres que, quan els veus a les taules de novetats, et diuen \u201cpren-me\u201d i ja no hi ha res a fer. En aquest cas, vaig trobar una torre de 25 exemplars de La izquierda no es woke<\/em> de Susan Neiman<\/strong> (Debate) a l’FNAC. Immediatament vaig saber que era un tema molt rellevant i l’assaig no em va defraudar.<\/p>\n

La proposta de Neiman t\u00e9 punts de contacte amb les filosofies de Markus Gabriel<\/strong> i Marina Garc\u00e9s<\/strong>: cal reprendre el cam\u00ed de la Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 abans que sigui massa tard i el fangar pol\u00edtic ens ennuvoli la vista. Per\u00f2, qu\u00e8 vol dir \u201ctornar a la Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3\u201d m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l’esl\u00f2gan, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l’ap\u00f2strof ret\u00f2ric? En primer lloc, vol dir recon\u00e8ixer que no podem resignar-nos que la totalitat de la vida humana existeixi sotmesa a imperatius irracionalistes i a l\u00f2giques de poder. Si no dipositem esperances en la nostra capacitat adulta per analitzar i buscar solucions basades en la interacci\u00f3 col\u00b7lectiva, no estarem a la senda de Hume<\/strong>, Kant<\/strong> o Morelly<\/strong>. En segon lloc, necessitem recuperar immediatament la noci\u00f3 d’\u201cuniversalisme\u201d. L’universalisme no \u00e9s la reducci\u00f3 a una ra\u00f3 imperialista de totes les maneres de viure, sin\u00f3 ben al contrari: el reconeixement militant que totes les maneres de viure mereixen respecte i foment, excepte els irracionalistes. La ra\u00f3 democr\u00e0tica pot ser abusiva i incorrecta, per\u00f2 \u00e9s corregible i perfectible; la desra\u00f3 \u00e9s sempre autorit\u00e0ria, personalista, depriment i premia el salvatgisme del m\u00e9s violent.<\/p>\n

Els que temen m\u00e9s ser assenyalats amb el concepte \u201cwoke<\/strong>\u201d es llancen contra els seus acusadors esgrimint l’argument que aquesta paraula van comen\u00e7ar a fer-la servir els elements d’extrema dreta per a desactivar activistes d’esquerra. Susan Neiman demostra que aix\u00f2 \u00e9s fals, que la paraula procedeix dels anys trenta, i que era un elogi que es dedicava a persones distingides pel seu antiracisme.<\/p>\n

La segona cosa interessant\u00edssima que fa Susan Neiman, directora del F\u00f2rum Einstein de Potsdam<\/strong>, \u00e9s capbussar-se en la filosofia del wokisme per intentar comprendre d’on \u00e9s aquesta gesticulaci\u00f3 hist\u00e8rica i irracionalista que ha arrasat l’esquerra materialista d’Occident. I troba aquestes fonts a la filosofia de Michel Foucault<\/strong>. El primer que deixa clar Neiman \u00e9s que Foucault no era un autor progressista; sembla m\u00e9s aviat que era un pensador totalment contrari a les nocions de progr\u00e9s i universalisme. Les proves que addueix s\u00f3n incontrovertibles.<\/p>\n

Als llibres de Foucault, si alguna cosa queda clara \u00e9s que de tot discurs p\u00fablic emana una font de poder. I aquest va ser el seu descobriment fonamental: el poder ens envolta i ens modela, i nom\u00e9s podem respondre amb poder a les agressions del poder. Fins aqu\u00ed, cap objecci\u00f3. Ara b\u00e9, si tot el que pensem, diem i transmetem \u00e9s poder, no hi ha cap manera de mitigar aquest poder, o de basar-nos en un altre tipus d’actituds m\u00e9s racionals i solid\u00e0ries? Si \u00e9s realment impossible organitzar-nos segons uns par\u00e0metres \u00e8tics universalitzables, el millor \u00e9s que deixem de banda tota esperan\u00e7a i renunciem a intentar saber, intentar ensenyar i intentar perfeccionar els nostres marcs de conviv\u00e8ncia. Aquesta conclusi\u00f3 terriblement pessimista \u00e9s la que encaixa millor amb els nostres governants i dirigents m\u00e9s c\u00ednics i irresponsables, que precisament s\u00f3n els m\u00e9s optimistes. On res val res, tot s’hi val, i aix\u00ed els veiem, a ells, els nostres dirigents electes, xipollejar als seus fangars lamentables, sense que ning\u00fa els exigeixi explicacions, sense que ning\u00fa rendeixi comptes de la seva hipocresia i el seu cinisme. \u00c9s una hora paradis\u00edaca: si ens arrenquen els nostres instruments d’an\u00e0lisi social, la vict\u00f2ria del caos extractiu \u00e9s segura.<\/p>\n

I arribem al moment clau, el moll del llibre: l’an\u00e0lisi de les fonts de Foucault i de la cr\u00edtica radical a la Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 i el m\u00f3n liberal, que procedeixen de Martin Heidegger<\/strong> i del jurista Carl Schmitt<\/strong>. \u00c9s on Foucault jugava amb l’abisme, basant la seva cr\u00edtica en arguments molt persuasius procedents de perfectes reaccionaris i antimoderns.<\/p>\n

Tornar a la il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 significa precisament aix\u00f2: limitar el poder; localitzar el poder brut i posar tallafocs racionals. A l’\u00e0mbit actual, tota minoria, tota identitat pensa que ha d’arrencar poder a les altres: totes es creuen legitimades per aixafar i degradar la comunitat ve\u00efna o la confessi\u00f3 rival, sense espai per a la negociaci\u00f3, sense espai per a la conviv\u00e8ncia, sense temps per a la toler\u00e0ncia. Perqu\u00e8 el canvi en els darrers vint anys ha estat aquest: passar d’una esquerra que volia limitar i repartir el poder a una altra falsa esquerra que reclamava el poder pel poder, perqu\u00e8 tots ens puguem trepitjar i atropellar sense por. I aquest ideal antiuniversalista<\/strong> \u00e9s el que ens ha condu\u00eft a l’ideal de mort social nihilista, mort per a tothom, odi per a tothom i contra tothom. Clar: Resulta tan ardu, tan dur de vegades i tan mal recompensat, i tan car, mantenir la disciplina explorat\u00f2ria, instruir, conv\u00e8ncer, conversar, construir!, que el millor era expulsar, insultar, lapidar, enderrocar, abandonar-se, odiar i escopir.<\/p>\n

La falsa revoluci\u00f3 wokista<\/strong>, aquesta estranya forma de religi\u00f3 civil que trunca vides, destrueix societats, deforma la realitat i desconfia de la Hist\u00f2ria, enfonsa les seves arrels en dos pensadors nazis que van sistematitzar el pensament pol\u00edtic antiliberal del segle XX, aquest mateix pensament antiliberal que causa tant furor a Hongria, Pol\u00f2nia, It\u00e0lia, Estats Units i Alemanya. Altres autors creuen que el wokisme \u00e9s una reacci\u00f3 especular amb el xarampi\u00f3 feixista que pateix la nostra civilitzaci\u00f3. En qualsevol cas, el que Neiman recomana intensament \u00e9s que no caigui en la temptaci\u00f3 de culpar la v\u00edctima, i la v\u00edctima aqu\u00ed \u00e9s la ra\u00f3 dial\u00f2gica democr\u00e0tica, de les agressions que pateix per part de monopolistes econ\u00f2mics, absolutistes utilitaris i reaccionaris neoimperialistes. Una esquerra hist\u00e8rica i reaccion\u00e0ria<\/strong> desat\u00e9n els fonaments jur\u00eddics de la nostra societat i deixa el camp lliure per a tot tipus d’aprofitats i tiranols, perqu\u00e8 ha renunciat a la necessitat d’organitzar-se, documentar-se, de resultar seriosa i cre\u00efble, racional i justa, m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de la gesticulaci\u00f3, mem, instant de gl\u00f2ria i exabrupte.<\/p>\n

Aquest llibre \u00e9s de lectura obligada per a tot aquell que se senti d’esquerres, sincerament d’esquerres, com Susan Neiman, per\u00f2 no estigui c\u00f2mode en les formacions d’esquerra populista o reaccion\u00e0ria, que imposen el que un ha de pensar encara que, en principi, s’estigui d’acord en all\u00f2 b\u00e0sic. Una esquerra il\u00b7lustrada creu en la maduraci\u00f3 adulta de les persones i les comunitats, creu en el progr\u00e9s dialogat i no pas en la viol\u00e8ncia simb\u00f2lica del militarisme mental dels wokes. Una persona il\u00b7lustrada \u00e9s aquella que exigeix comprovar per si mateixa que el que li diuen \u00e9s cert o, com a m\u00ednim, versemblant o reformable. Una persona il\u00b7lustrada \u00e9s aquella que s’ha adonat que la toler\u00e0ncia, aquest b\u00e9 tan esc\u00e0s i fr\u00e0gil, nom\u00e9s pot prosperar (i a m\u00e9s no ho fa sempre) a llocs on s’ha apostat pel lliure examen human\u00edstic i cient\u00edfic. La venjan\u00e7a contra la ra\u00f3 nom\u00e9s porta a m\u00e9s ansietat i m\u00e9s regnat de la desesperaci\u00f3. La reclamaci\u00f3 de poder en un etern ara mateix no \u00e9s una opci\u00f3 de futur, sin\u00f3 una opci\u00f3 de passat perqu\u00e8 sense an\u00e0lisi racional cancel\u00b7lem tots els futurs possibles. Lapidar, emmordassar, fer callar o mentir no s\u00f3n eines eficaces a mitj\u00e0 termini per fomentar l’acceptaci\u00f3 del rival i evitar la deshumanitzaci\u00f3 violenta.<\/p>\n

Aquest llibre \u00e9s de lectura obligada per a tot aquell que encara vulgui atendre raons i no nom\u00e9s crits, que encara vulgui trobar discursos amb valor i no nom\u00e9s figures p\u00fabliques basades en un carisma aparent que no es relacioni amb un comprom\u00eds real amb la millora social i material. \u00c9s un llibre que far\u00e0 molt de mal a xerraires i pseudorrevolucionaris testiculars. Les veritats com a pedres que lapiden de l’esquerra woke dissimulen molt malament el seu autoritarisme primitivista, la seva estreta relaci\u00f3 amb la barb\u00e0rie ultraindividualista neoliberal, que a\u00eflla les persones i els treballadors arrencant-les de les xarxes de suport i submergint-les en el pessimisme reaccionari foucalti\u00e0.<\/p>\n

\n

T\u00edtol:<\/strong> La izquierda no es woke<\/em><\/p>\n

Autor:<\/strong> Susan Neiman<\/p>\n

Traducci\u00f3<\/strong>: Vict\u00f2ria Gordo del Rey (a l’espanyol)<\/p>\n

ISBN:<\/strong> 978-84-19642-34-9<\/p>\n

Editorial:<\/strong> Debat<\/p>\n

Idioma<\/strong>: Espanyol<\/p>\n

N\u00famero de p\u00e0gines:<\/strong> 214<\/p>\n

Data de publicaci\u00f3:<\/strong> gener de 2024<\/p>\n

\n

Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La proposta de Neiman t\u00e9 punts de contacte amb les filosofies de Markus Gabriel i Marina Garc\u00e9s: cal reprendre el cam\u00ed de la Il\u00b7lustraci\u00f3 abans que sigui massa tard i el fangar pol\u00edtic ens ennuvoli la vista. 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