{"id":15973,"date":"2024-05-07T09:40:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-07T07:40:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/?p=15973"},"modified":"2024-05-07T10:03:19","modified_gmt":"2024-05-07T08:03:19","slug":"volcans-la-seva-importancia-i-significat-en-la-nostra-vida","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/educationalevidence.com\/ca\/volcans-la-seva-importancia-i-significat-en-la-nostra-vida\/","title":{"rendered":"Volcans: la seva import\u00e0ncia i significat en la nostra vida"},"content":{"rendered":"

Volcans: la seva import\u00e0ncia i significat en la nostra vida<\/h1>\n

Els volcans signifiquen vida, malgrat que aix\u00f2 pugui sorprendre<\/p>\n

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Imatge de Julius Silver. \/ Pixabay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Llic\u00e8ncia Creative Commons<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Carlos Sanz de Galdeano<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tots identifiquem aquests volcans que tenen forma d’un gran con que expulsa foc, lava, gasos i cendra. I ning\u00fa voldria ser all\u00ed a prop excepte els vulcan\u00f2legs. Els volcans<\/strong> tenen moltes formes; a vegades formen molt llargues fissures per on surt la lava, d’altres, la gran part, s\u00f3n submarins. I ocupen gran part de l’escor\u00e7a terrestre<\/strong> perqu\u00e8 una gran porci\u00f3 dels fons oce\u00e0nics s\u00f3n volc\u00e0nics. All\u00ed els volcans es distribueixen formant llargues bandes que van emplenant el buit que deixen les plaques tect\u00f2niques en separar-se. S\u00f3n la \u201cbarra d’enganxar\u201d que les torna a unir.<\/p>\n

El millor exemple d’aix\u00f2 \u00e9s possiblement la gran dorsal Mesoatl\u00e0ntica<\/strong>\u00a0que separa la placa euroasi\u00e0tica de l’americana, una serralada de molts milers de quil\u00f2metres.<\/p>\n

En altres casos, els volcans es produeixen all\u00ed on la calor s’acumula puntualment i forma magmes, roques foses i gasos, que poden ascendir. S\u00f3n les zones d’enfonsament de plaques, les zones de subducci\u00f3. El millor exemple general d’aquests \u00faltims \u00e9s l’anomenat Cintur\u00f3 de foc del Pac\u00edfic<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Per\u00f2 en el seu conjunt, qu\u00e8 signifiquen per a nosaltres i com podem actuar davant d’ells?<\/p>\n

Es pot dir, en primer lloc, que els volcans signifiquen vida<\/strong>, malgrat que aix\u00f2 pugui sorprendre. Aquesta afirmaci\u00f3 es basa en el fet que gr\u00e0cies a ells es renova l’atmosfera<\/strong>. Aquesta es va dissipant lentament en l’espai exterior, de manera que sense els volcans s’aniria enrarint progressivament. I sense ella poca cosa podem fer.<\/p>\n

Un exemple d’un planeta que ja no t\u00e9 volcans actius \u00e9s Mart<\/strong>, i per aix\u00f2 la seva atmosfera actual \u00e9s molt t\u00e8nue. L’ha anat perdent gradualment. \u00c9s ja un planeta t\u00e8rmicament mort, no t\u00e9 pr\u00e0cticament camp magn\u00e8tic i ni una tect\u00f2nica de plaques activa. Afortunadament, la Terra \u00e9s for\u00e7a m\u00e9s gran que Mart i encara, afortunadament per a nosaltres, no ha mort t\u00e8rmicament.<\/p>\n

Sense volcans no tindr\u00edem vida<\/strong>. Per\u00f2 alhora \u00e9s clar que s\u00f3n un perill en determinats punts de la Terra. Recordem erupcions que han causat danys molt importants. Un exemple cl\u00e0ssic \u00e9s el de l’erupci\u00f3 del Vesuvi<\/strong> l’any 79. All\u00ed van morir moltes persones a Pompeia i Hercul\u00e0 (i perqu\u00e8 es compleixi que no hi ha res que per b\u00e9 no vingui, ara tenim uns testimoniatges immillorables de com era la vida romana llavors. \u00c9s clar que aquells qui llavors van morir no compartirien aquesta opini\u00f3 amb nosaltres).<\/p>\n

Existeixen molts altres exemples m\u00e9s recents . Aix\u00ed, l’erupci\u00f3 del Krakatoa<\/strong> de 1883, l’explosi\u00f3 del qual es va sentir milers de quil\u00f2metres, va produir forts tsunamis i les seves cendres van pujar a uns 80 km d’altura i es van estendre arreu. Un altre exemple relativament recent \u00e9s el de l’impronunciable volc\u00e0 Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull<\/strong> (Isl\u00e0ndia) les emissions del qual van interferir en la navegaci\u00f3 a\u00e8ria de bona part d’Europa.<\/p>\n

Per aix\u00f2, \u00e9s clar que s’han de prevenir els seus possibles efectes adversos. Naturalment, una manera d’evitar gaireb\u00e9 tots aquests efectes \u00e9s viure ben lluny d’ells, per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s sempre possible. Si es fes aix\u00ed, Isl\u00e0ndia, les Can\u00e0ries, les A\u00e7ores, moltes illes d’Indon\u00e8sia, entre altres nombrosos punts, quedarien deshabitades. Per\u00f2 aix\u00f2 no \u00e9s possible.<\/p>\n

\u00c9s necessari, per tant, con\u00e8ixer profundament el comportament de cada volc\u00e0. Cadascun d’ells ha de ser monitorat, de manera que es registrin els tremors (aquest nom s’acostuma a donar als sismes produ\u00efts pels volcans) que produeix, per tal de ser analitzats i valorats. Aix\u00f2 es fa, per exemple, en el Vesuvi o a l’Etna (N\u00e0pols i Cat\u00e0nia no poden oblidar la seva proximitat) i en molts altres indrets. Durant l’\u00faltima erupci\u00f3 de l’illa de la Palma es va fer igual. Es fa a Isl\u00e0ndia, Hawaii, etc. De la mateixa manera cal analitzar en la mesura del possible la composici\u00f3 dels gasos que despr\u00e8n cada volc\u00e0 perqu\u00e8 poden donar informaci\u00f3 d’estat de l’erupci\u00f3 o si hi haur\u00e0 alguna pr\u00f2xima. I, naturalment, la composici\u00f3 qu\u00edmica de les laves. Aquests estudis donen pistes, a vegades molt clares, de l’estat de cada volc\u00e0. I tamb\u00e9, cal estar previnguts davant qualsevol esdeveniment no esperat, per\u00f2 possible.<\/p>\n

Com a colof\u00f3, \u00e9s clar que el nostre coneixement geol\u00f2gic general ha de millorar no nom\u00e9s per a prevenir riscos geol\u00f2gics, com s\u00f3n els volc\u00e0nics, sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 per a comprendre millor el nostre planeta. Aix\u00ed, per exemple, disminuiria el nombre de persones que visiten Isl\u00e0ndia i pregunten on s\u00f3n els volcans per no veure els cons, encara que estiguin envoltades de roques volc\u00e0niques. Tamb\u00e9 comprendrien millor altres aspectes, tal com el seu aprofitament t\u00e8rmic. I les autoritats han de tenir \u2013i millorar- aquests coneixements b\u00e0sics per a preparar plans d’evacuaci\u00f3 i protecci\u00f3 si fos el cas.<\/p>\n

\n

Font:\u00a0educational EVIDENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

Drets:\u00a0Creative Commons<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tots identifiquem aquests volcans que tenen forma d’un gran con que expulsa foc, lava, gasos i cendra. I ning\u00fa voldria ser all\u00ed a prop excepte els vulcan\u00f2legs. Els volcans tenen moltes formes; a vegades formen molt llargues fissures per on surt la lava, d’altres, la gran part, s\u00f3n submarins. I ocupen gran part de l’escor\u00e7a terrestre perqu\u00e8 una gran porci\u00f3 dels fons oce\u00e0nics s\u00f3n volc\u00e0nics.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15939,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"1","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[219],"tags":[975,972,974,973,971],"class_list":["post-15973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia-ca","tag-cinturo-de-foc-del-pacific","tag-eyjafjallajokull","tag-gran-dorsal-mesoatlantica","tag-krakatoa","tag-volcans"],"yoast_head":"\nVolcans: la seva import\u00e0ncia i significat en la nostra vida - Educational Evidence<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Tots identifiquem aquests volcans que tenen forma d'un gran con que expulsa foc, lava, gasos i cendra. 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